Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is chronic, progressive optic neuropathy with structural damage to the optic nerve and associated visual field defects. It remains one of the most prevalent causes of irreversible blindness worldwide
Objective: The current glaucoma management strategies are discussed in this article through evidence-based treatment and patient-driven care, i.e., pharmacological therapy, laser treatment, and surgery.
Methods: Literature and current clinical guidelines were critically appraised and synthesized in a comparative manner to assess the efficacy, safety, and practicality of the different management strategies.
Results: Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of glaucoma treatment, with prostaglandin analogues being the first-line drugs. Laser trabeculoplasty and MIGS are alternatives for medical therapy poorly controlled or intolerable medical therapy.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis, continuous monitoring, tailored treatment plans, and a multidisciplinary regimen of medical, laser, and surgical treatments are the secrets of preserving vision and quality of life in glaucoma patients.
Keywords: Glaucoma, Intraocular Pressure, Prostaglandin Analogs, Laser Trabeculoplasty, Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery, Optic Neuropathy, Disease Management