ABSTRACT:
Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) had become one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases on the global scale and has often been linked with metabolic disorders. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) or a central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance had been recognized as an important risk factor in the onset and progression of NAFLD. The knowledge of the association linking MetS and NAFLD was important to diagnosis, prevention and management of the two diseases, particularly in communities with the growing prevalence of obesity and diabetes.
Aim: The proposed study was designed to research the relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult patients, including prevalence, clinical aspects and metabolic risk factors that caused NAFLD.
Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study that was to be carried out at Mayo Hospital, Lahore between the months of May 2024 and April 2025. The enrolled respondents were 90 in age between 25 and 65 years as per the preset pre-generation criteria. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, liver function tests as well as ultrasonography clinical data were available. The patient had been diagnosed with NAFLD using abdominal ultrasonography and Metabolic Syndrome using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The association between the elements of MetS and the prevalence and the severity of NAFLD had been statistically analyzed.
Results: The outcomes of the study indicated NAFLD in 62 participants (68.9) out of 90 of Metabolic Syndrome compared to 28 participants (31.1) without MetS. A significant and strong correlation between the occurrence of NAFLD and central obesity, high levels of triglycerides, and insulin resistance was established (p < 0.01). Patients who had at least three MetS components were more predisposed to moderate to severe changes of fatty liver on ultrasonography. Moreover, NAFLD had been more prevalent with the number of metabolic abnormalities present.
Conclusion: The research paper was able to conclude that Non-Alcoholic Fatty liver disease had been significantly linked with Metabolic Syndrome. The components of MetS that showed the greatest predictors of NAFLD were abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance. The initial identification and intervention of metabolic risk factors may be important in lessening the morbidity and progression of fatty liver disease among the risk populations.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Liver Ultrasound, Mayo Hospital Lahore
Keywords: Burning Mouth Syndrome, Psychological Stress, Oral Pain, Anxiety, Depression, Cross-Sectional Study, Mayo Hospital Lahore.
